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We constantly strive to improve our Managers’ Top Eleven experience. Find out about the latest Top Eleven news and updates now so you don’t miss out on any changes. Upgrade to Microsoft Edge to take advantage of the latest features, security updates, and technical support. When you use TOP with the ORDER BY clause, the result set is limited to the first N number of ordered rows. Otherwise, TOP returns the first N number of rows in an undefined order. Use this clause to specify the number of rows returned from a SELECT statement.
Or, use TOP to specify the rows affected by an INSERT, UPDATE, MERGE, or DELETE statement. The numeric expression that specifies the number of rows to be returned. Otherwise, expression is converted to bigint. Indicates that the query returns only the first expression percent of rows from the result set.
Fractional values are rounded up to the next integer value. Returns two or more rows that tie for last place in the limited results set. You must use this argument with the ORDER BY clause. WITH TIES might cause more rows to be returned than the value specified in expression. For example, if expression is set to 5 but two additional rows match the values of the ORDER BY columns in row 5, the result set will contain seven rows. You can specify the TOP clause with the WITH TIES argument only in SELECT statements, and only if you’ve also specified the ORDER BY clause. The returned order of tying records is arbitrary.
ORDER BY doesn’t affect this rule. Best Practices In a SELECT statement, always use an ORDER BY clause with the TOP clause. Because, it’s the only way to predictably indicate which rows are affected by TOP. Use OFFSET and FETCH in the ORDER BY clause instead of the TOP clause to implement a query paging solution.
SET ROWCOUNT to limit the number of rows returned. As a part of a SELECT statement, the query optimizer can consider the value of expression in the TOP or FETCH clauses during query optimization. Because you use SET ROWCOUNT outside of a statement that runs a query, its value can’t be considered in a query plan. Compatibility Support For backward compatibility, the parentheses are optional in SELECT statements if the expression is an integer constant. We recommend that you always use parentheses for TOP in SELECT statements. Doing so provides consistency with its required use in INSERT, UPDATE, MERGE, and DELETE statements. Interoperability The TOP expression doesn’t affect statements that might run because of a trigger.
The inserted and deleted tables in the triggers return only the rows that are truly affected by the INSERT, UPDATE, MERGE, or DELETE statements. For example, if an INSERT TRIGGER fires as the result of an INSERT statement that used a TOP clause. Because you can include the TOP clause in the view definition, certain rows may disappear from the view if the rows no longer meet the requirements of the TOP expression due to an update. When specified in the MERGE statement, the TOP clause applies after the entire source table and the entire target table are joined. And, the joined rows that don’t qualify for an insert, update, or delete action are removed.
The TOP clause further reduces the number of joined rows to the specified value and the insert, update, or delete actions apply to the remaining joined rows in an unordered way. Use caution when you’re specifying the TOP clause in a query that contains a UNION, UNION ALL, EXCEPT, or INTERSECT operator. It’s possible to write a query that returns unexpected results because the order in which the TOP and ORDER BY clauses are logically processed isn’t always intuitive when these operators are used in a select operation. For example, given the following table and data, assume that you want to return the least expensive red car and the least expensive blue car.
To achieve these results, you might write the following query. Model Color Price ————- ———- ——- sedan red 10000. So, the previous query returns any one red car and any one blue car and then orders the result of that union by the price. And, you can’t directly specify the ORDER BY clause in these statements.
You can’t use TOP in an UPDATE and DELETE statements on partitioned views. Basic syntax Examples in this section demonstrate the basic functionality of the ORDER BY clause using the minimum required syntax. Using TOP with a constant value The following examples use a constant value to specify the number of employees that are returned in the query result set. In the first example, the first 10 undefined rows are returned because an ORDER BY clause isn’t used.
In the second example, an ORDER BY clause is used to return the top 10 recently hired employees. GO — Select the first 10 random employees. GO — Select the first 10 employees hired most recently. Specifying a percentage The following example uses PERCENT to specify the number of employees that are returned in the query result set. IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE dbo. The following example updates the vacation hours of the 10 employees with the earliest hire dates. The following example returns the top 31 rows that match the query criteria.