On this Wikipedia peanut roll language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. This article is about the crop.

For the comic strip, see Peanuts. For Peanut allergen powder, see Peanut allergen powder-dnfp. For the folk song, see Goober Peas. Peanuts are similar in taste and nutritional profile to tree nuts such as walnuts and almonds, and, as a culinary nut, are often served in similar ways in Western cuisines.

The Arachis genus is native to South America, east of the Andes, around Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, and Brazil. The process of domestication through artificial selection made A. The domesticated plants are bushier, more compact, and have a different pod structure and larger seeds. The oldest known archeological remains of pods have been dated at about 7,600 years old, possibly a wild species that was in cultivation, or A. They were found in Peru, where dry climatic conditions are favorable for the preservation of organic material. In the English-speaking world, peanut growing is most important in the United States. Peanut butter was developed in the 1880s and 1890s in the United States and Canada.

The flowers are 1 to 1. They are borne in axillary clusters on the stems above ground and last for just one day. Peanut fruits develop underground, an unusual feature known as geocarpy. Peanut pegs growing into the soil. The tip of the peg, once buried, swells and develops into a peanut fruit. Peanuts grow best in light, sandy loam soil with a pH of 5.